Computing Innovation

Okay, this may seem like a dumb question but I have heard arguments for both sides and wanted to ask the forums. For computing innovations, would specific apps / software work or does it have to be the actual device?

As per page 112 of the purple book, a computing innovation is an innovation that depends on computing or computing tools to define its functionality. Going by that, I would say that software qualifies as a computing innovation. I have attached a picture and highlighted the relevant portion.

Thank you very much!